Management for managing resource allocation in an edge computing system

ABSTRACT

A method for managing resource allocation in an Edge Computing, EC, system (30), carried out in an EC management entity (300) connected to at least one EC host (220). The method comprises detecting (501) a request from a user equipment, UE, (303), which request is associated with an EC application; providing (502) at least one application instance of said EC application in a host of the EC system; receiving (503) user assignment information from the EC application; and determining (504) a mapping between the UE and a specific application instance based on the received user assignment information.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The invention and its embodiments are related to the field of systemsfor providing Edge Computing (EC) resources in connection withcommunication networks, whereby computing power is made available touser equipment operating in communication with the communicationnetwork. More specifically, the invention relates to devices and methodsfor managing resource allocation in an edge computing system.

BACKGROUND

The development of cloud-based services, operating to assist mobiledevices with network-assisted storage and computing, is heavilyincreasing. Currently, ETSI (European Telecommunication StandardsInstitute) is promoting a new technology originally denoted Mobile EdgeComputing (MEC), which is being standardized in an ETSI IndustrySpecification Group (ISG) of the same name. In the second phase of ETSIMEC ISG this is replaced by the term Multi-access Edge Computing, usingthe same acronym MEC, which also includes other types of access besidescellular, e.g. wifi and fixed networks.

MEC is a network architecture concept that enables cloud computingcapabilities and an IT service environment at the edge of acommunication network. MEC is the term used by ETSI for the conceptmobile Edge Computing (EC). MEC allows applications to benefit fromultra-low latency and high bandwidth as well as real-time access toradio network information.

The MEC architecture fundamentals are based on a central managemententity being responsible for resources, scaling and selecting the serverfor hosting the application instance. However, the MEC application istotally independent of the management entity's decisions and is onlyresponsible for the logic of how to manage and distribute users among ECapplication instances. This means that the EC application has all logicon which users belong to the same group, for example in a videoconference system but the management entity decides how scaling of ECservers and assigning of users should be done regardless of the ECapplication. This may cause thus problems associated with management ofresource allocation, e.g. when scaling is contemplated in the system.

SUMMARY

Solutions related to the problems associated with managing resourceallocation in an EC system are set out in the claims.

In accordance with a first aspect, a method is provided for managingresource allocation in an Edge Computing, EC, system, carried out in anEC management entity connected to at least one EC host, comprising

detecting a request from a user equipment, UE, which request isassociated with an EC application;

providing at least one application instance of said EC application in ahost of the EC system;

receiving user assignment information from the EC application; and

determining a mapping between the UE and a specific application instancebased on the received user assignment information.

By means of this method, the EC management entity may maintain an up todate register of correct mapping of how application users of differentUEs are assigned to various application instances, which may be used fortaking well-based decisions related to scaling of the system andhandling of UE mobility.

In one embodiment, said user assignment information identifies thespecific application instance assigned to said UE.

In one embodiment, providing at least one application instance includesselecting a mapping between the UE and a first application instance, toassign a user of the UE to the first application instance. This way, anoriginal mapping may be determined by the management entity, which maybe updated if the application itself subsequently re-assigns the UE toanother application instance.

In one embodiment, providing at least one application instance includesdirecting the UE to the first application instance. This may e.g.involve sending an URI or other address location information to the UE.

In one embodiment, said user assignment information identifies aredistribution of application user identities between two or moredifferent application instances within the EC system, determined by theapplication. This way, the method allows for management of relocation ofa plurality of UEs and provides for the possibility for the managemententity to update its mapping for several UEs in a common operationrather than one at a time.

In one embodiment, determining a mapping includes updating the selectedmapping for the UE to the said specific application, responsive to thespecific application instance being different from the first applicationinstance. This implies that the application may either acknowledge theassignment made by the management entity, or send an updated assignment,which allows for the management entity to ensure that correct mappinginformation is maintained.

In one embodiment, providing at least one application instance includesselecting a currently operative application instance. This may beadvantageous for the management entity to relocate UEs in the context ofscaling of resources.

In one embodiment, providing at least one application instance includesstarting a new application instance. This may be used when a new UEattaches to the system and starts an application.

In one embodiment, the method may comprise storing the mapping in amemory storage.

In one embodiment, detecting a request from the UE includes detectinginitiation of the application from the UE. This may involve the UEstarting a UE application, for which there is a corresponding systemapplication.

In one embodiment, detecting a request from the UE includes detectingconnection to the EC system of the UE, when the UE is running the ECapplication.

In one embodiment, the method comprises determining to scale resourcesin the EC system responsive to detecting the request from the UE.

In one embodiment, the method comprises determining allocation ofresources to the specific application instance based on the mapping.

In one embodiment, the method comprises

providing said at least one application instance with information aboutother application instances of the same application. This way, theapplication is maintained aware of the various instances between whichre-location of UEs may be carried out.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Various embodiments will be outlined below with reference to thedrawings, on which

FIG. 1 illustrates an EC system according to one embodiment;

FIG. 2 illustrates a scenario of mobile devices supported by an ECsystem according to an embodiment;

FIG. 3 schematically illustrates a signaling diagram of an embodimentwherein scaling of an EC system is carried out by activating a newapplication instance;

FIG. 4 schematically illustrates a signaling diagram of an embodimentwherein a new user triggers instantiation of an application; and

FIG. 5 schematically illustrates a flow chart for a method for managingresource allocation in an edge computing system according to anembodiment.

DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS

In the following description, for purposes of explanation and notlimitation, details are set forth herein related to various embodiments.However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that thepresent invention may be practiced in other embodiments that depart fromthese specific details. In some instances, detailed descriptions ofwell-known devices, circuits, and methods are omitted so as not toobscure the description of the present invention with unnecessarydetail. The functions of the various elements including functionalblocks, including but not limited to those labeled or described as“computer”, “processor” or “controller”, may be provided through the useof hardware such as circuit hardware and/or hardware capable ofexecuting software in the form of coded instructions stored on computerreadable medium. Thus, such functions and illustrated functional blocksare to be understood as being either hardware-implemented and/orcomputer-implemented and are thus machine-implemented. In terms ofhardware implementation, the functional blocks may include or encompass,without limitation, digital signal processor (DSP) hardware, reducedinstruction set processor, hardware (e.g., digital or analog) circuitryincluding but not limited to application specific integrated circuit(s)[ASIC], and (where appropriate) state machines capable of performingsuch functions. In terms of computer implementation, a computer isgenerally understood to comprise one or more processors or one or morecontrollers, and the terms computer and processor and controller may beemployed interchangeably herein. When provided by a computer orprocessor or controller, the functions may be provided by a singlededicated computer or processor or controller, by a single sharedcomputer or processor or controller, or by a plurality of individualcomputers or processors or controllers, some of which may be shared ordistributed. Moreover, use of the term “processor” or “controller” shallalso be construed to refer to other hardware capable of performing suchfunctions and/or executing software, such as the example hardwarerecited above.

Edge Computing (EC) is thought of as a natural development in theevolution of mobile radio stations and the convergence of IT andtelecommunication networking. EC is based on a virtualized platform andwill enable applications and services to be hosted ‘on top’ of mobilenetwork elements, i.e. above the network layer. These applications andservices can benefit from being in close proximity to the customer andfrom receiving local radio-network contextual information. Theenvironment of EC is characterized by low latency, proximity, highbandwidth, and real-time insight into radio network information andlocation awareness, accomplished with EC servers hosting operator or 3rdparty applications. As such, EC may enable new vertical businesssegments and services for consumers and enterprise customers. Frequentlydiscussed use cases include video analytics, location services,Internet-of-Things (IoT), augmented reality, optimized local contentdistribution, data caching, mobile gaming, connected and controlledvehicle services etc. EC will allow software applications to tap intolocal content and real-time information about local-access networkconditions. By deploying various services and caching content at thenetwork edge, mobile core networks are alleviated of further congestionand can efficiently serve local purposes.

MEC is the term used by ETSI, but other forms of Edge Computingarchitectures are plausible, such as proprietary systems. For thesereasons, the more general term Edge Computing (EC) will predominantly beemployed herein, while the term MEC will occasionally be used toillustrate such examples.

FIG. 1 illustrates an EC system reference architecture, in the form of aMEC network architecture configured according to an embodiment, showingfunctional elements that comprise the EC system, and the referencepoints between them.

In a broad context, an EC system comprises one or more EC hosts orservers, which hosts may run or execute EC applications to users,connecting to the EC system through a User Equipment (UE), typically byradio communication. Moreover, the EC system comprises an EC managemententity, which is configured to control the EC hosts to instantiate ECapplications using one or more services.

For an ETSI MEC system with MEC components, as shown in FIG. 1, thereare three groups of reference points defined between the systementities:

reference points regarding MEC platform functionality (Mp);

management reference points (Mm); and

reference points connecting to external entities (Mx).

In accordance with some embodiments, an MEC system may be divided intoan MEC system level 100 and an MEC host level 200. The system maycomprise one or more MEC servers or hosts 220, 220-2 etc., and MECmanagement necessary to run MEC applications within an operator networkor a subset of an operator network.

The MEC server 220 may be an entity that contains an MEC platform 223and a virtualization infrastructure 221 which provides compute, storage,and network resources, for the purpose of running MEC applications 228.

The MEC server 220, 220-2, or more generally an EC server or EC host220, may comprise an MEC platform 223, which is a collection ofessential functionality required to run MEC applications 228 on aparticular virtualization infrastructure and enable them to provide andconsume MEC services. The MEC platform 223 may also provide services.Such services may e.g. include radio network information services,configured to provide authorized EC applications with radio networkrelated information; location services, configured to provide authorizedEC applications with location-related information; bandwidth managerservices, configured to allow allocation of bandwidth to certain trafficrouted to and from EC applications and the prioritization of certaintraffic.

MEC applications 228 are instantiated on the virtualizationinfrastructure of the MEC server 220 based on configuration or requestsvalidated by MEC management. The MEC management may comprise MEC systemlevel management and MEC host level management. Further MEC servers220-2 may form additional EC servers of the system, which may beconfigured in a corresponding manner as the MEC server 220.

The MEC system level management includes an MEC orchestrator 101 as acore component, which is configured to have an overview of the completeMEC system, and an operations support system 102. The MEC host levelmanagement comprises an MEC platform manager 210 and a virtualizationinfrastructure manager 201 and is configured to handle management of MECspecific functionality of a particular MEC server 220, and theapplications 228 running on it.

In an embodiment configured in accordance with the ETSI MEC standard,the system may comprise the following elements or features:

-   -   100 Mobile edge system level    -   101 Mobile edge orchestrator    -   102 Operations Support System    -   103 User app LCM proxy    -   104 CFS portal    -   105 UE app    -   200 Mobile edge host level    -   201 Virtualization infrastructure manager    -   210 Mobile edge platform manager    -   211 MEC platform element mgmt    -   212 MEC app rules & reqts mgmt    -   213 MEC app lifecycle mgmt    -   220 Mobile edge server    -   221 Virtualization infrastructure    -   222 Data plane    -   223 Mobile edge platform    -   224 Traffic rules control    -   225 DNS handling    -   226 Service registry    -   227 MEC service    -   228 MEC app    -   229 Service    -   220-2 Other MEC server    -   223-2 Other MEC platform

In the context of the solutions provided herein, an embodiment set outfor MEC may include an EC management entity 300 which includes at leastthe MECorchestrator 101, but the EC management entity may also includethe Operations Support System 102, and optionally also the platformmanager 210.

FIG. 2 schematically illustrates various User Equipment (UE) 303operating as wireless devices 303 in a wireless communication networkcomprising network nodes 301, 302. The wireless communication networkmay comprise a radio access network, and the network nodes 301, 302 maybe radio stations in a cellular arrangement. Such a radio communicationnetwork may e.g. be a 3GPP LTE network, in which the network nodes 301,302 are denoted eNodeB. Furthermore, in a 3GPP NR network, the networknode 301, 302 are denoted gNodeB. In an alternative embodiment, theradio communication network may e.g. be a wifi system, such as accordingto IEEE 802.11. The network nodes 301, 302 may in such a system bedenoted access points and are typically not arranged in a cellulararrangement. In various embodiments, various EC servers may beconfigured to be connectable to UEs using other communicationtechnologies, such as e.g. Bluetooth, LoRa, ZigBee etc. It may also benoted that different EC servers, or hosts, 220, 220-2 may be connectedto different types of access network nodes 301, 302, while stillbelonging to a common EC system 30.

A first server 220 configured to operate as an EC server or host isconnected to a first radio station 301, and a second server 220-2configured to operate as an EC server or host is connected to a secondradio station 302. An EC management entity 300 may be configured tocontrol relocation of an application session from the first EC server220 to the second EC server 220-2. As noted, and with reference to FIG.1, the EC management entity 300 may e.g. comprise an MEC orchestrator101 and an operations support system 102, and optionally also an MECplatform manager 210 in various embodiments. An interface 230 isschematically indicated between an EC application 228 and the ECmanagement entity 300. This interface may be employed for providingcontext, e.g. user context, obtained in the EC server 220, to themanagement entity 300, which is inter alia configured to controlrelocation of an application session from the first EC server 220 to asecond EC server 220-2.

Various methods for operating an EC system 30 will now be discussed,wherein one or more UEs are served by the EC system 30 to carry outapplication tasks. In this context, reference is frequently made to a UE303. It may be noted that in various embodiments, such as in animplementation of the EC system 30 as a MEC system 30, the entity beingserved is rather referred to as a user, or user ID, of the UE 303. A UEmay e.g. be identified by means of an IMSI number or network addressnumber, whereas the user or user ID may be identified by means of a username and/or password. For the sake of simplicity, no further distinctionbetween user, user ID and UE are made herein, unless where required.

In the EC system 30, the management entity 300 of the system, e.g.Orchestrator and/or Platform Manager, may be configured to create amapping between the UE 303 (or a user or user ID of the UE), and theapplication instance which is selected and assigned by the managemententity 300 to host the UE 303. An application instance is a specificexecution environment for the application 228. After the initialapplication instance selection and assignment by the management entity300, the application 228 may decide where/how to distribute its users ina proprietary way. The application 228 may thereby decide to re-locatethe user to another application instance than the one selected by the ECsystem, after which the original mapping, based on the assignmentselected by the management entity 300, may not reflect the correctapplication instance.

In another aspect, scaling in an EC system 30 is about changing theallocation of the resources (among available resources) in terms ofmemory, CPU, storage etc. to the EC system 30. Scalability is importantin edge/cloud computing and allows the EC system 30 to accommodatelarger loads, i.e. handle a growing amount of processing tasks, just byadding resource (scale up) or reduce resources when the load decreases(scale down). The EC management entity 300 is responsible for handlingscaling in the EC system 30. The information that the management entity300 can use to decide how to map users to different applicationinstances can be based on available resources, location of theresources, where the application instances are running and where theuser is located. Furthermore, scaling is currently only managed by themanagement entity 300 without involving the EC applications 288 in MECsolutions. Resources are allocated to certain EC application instancesby the management entity 300 and when the load increases for a certainEC application instance, e.g. the number of users increases and reachesa maximum limit, the EC system 30 accommodates this by creatingadditional EC application instances and new users are routed to the newadditional EC application instances. However, this may not always beoptimal from the EC application's point of view. For example, new usersmay belong to the same application 228 session as some of the users onthe initial application instance, e.g. on the same video conferencecall, or playing a video game with or against each other. It would beoptimal if all users that belonged to a common group or applicationsession are hosted on the same application instance so thatsynchronization between application instances is not needed. In such acircumstance, the EC application 228 may be configured to group andredistribute its users. Also, in this case, the original mapping betweenthe user or UE 303 determined by the EC management entity 300 and theapplication instance may no longer be valid or true in the EC system 30after such an action from the EC application 228.

Yet another scenario is user, or UE 303, mobility. When a user is movingaway from the current EC application instance hosting the user, such asa server 220 and closer to another EC application instance, such asrunning in another server 220-2, the EC system 30 may decide to relocatethe user to another EC application instance closer to the user. Thisdecision may conflict with a preference or requirement of the ECapplication 228, and in various embodiments it is the responsibility ofthe EC application 228 to distribute its users. Also, in this case theEC application 228 may override the decision of the EC system and themapping between the user and the application instance, held in the ECsystem, is thus not representative of the true application instanceassignment for the user or UE 303 after such an action from the ECapplication 228.

A problem associated with all three scenarios, in which the ECmanagement entity 300 of the EC system 30 is not aware of how the usersare distributed and mapped to the different EC application instances, isthat the system 30 cannot pro-active scale the EC application instanceswhere the expected load/users will be due to mobility. This implies thatthe EC system cannot take the user's mobility into consideration forscaling.

To target these problems, it is hereby suggested to arrange fortransparency between user assignment to EC application instances betweenthe EC management entity 300 and the EC application 228 itself. Inpreferred embodiments, communication between the management entity 300and the application 228 is carried out via an EC platform manager 210,which may include or be connected to an EC platform 223 in an EC host orserver on which application instance is provided.

A flow chart for a general embodiment of the suggested embodiment isshown in FIG. 5. This relates to a method for managing resourceallocation in an EC system 30, which comprises an EC management entity300 and one or more communicatively connected EC hosts 220, 220-2, inwhich hosts an EC application 228 may be instantiated by the managemententity 300 for providing an EC task for a user of a UE 303. The methodis described as carried out in the EC management entity 300, which maycomprise a MEC orchestrator, and may comprise the following steps:

In one step, the management entity 300 may detect 501 a request from theUE 303, which request is associated with an EC application 228. Thisrequest may be associated with a request to provide an applicationinstance for a UE 303 already connected to the EC system 30.Alternatively, the UE 303 may be a new device to the system 30, and mayeven already be using the EC application 228 in question, but in adifferent EC system. In another alternative, the UE may be mobile andmoving within the EC system, and may indicate a certain level or qualityof connection to a current application instance, e.g. over a radionetwork, which may be interpreted as a request in the management entity300.

In one step, the management entity 300 may provide 502 at least oneapplication instance of said EC application 228 in a host of the ECsystem. In various embodiments, this step may include selecting amapping between the UE and a first application instance, so as to assigna user of the UE to the first application instance. This way, aconnection between the UE 303 or the corresponding user and a selectedfirst application instance is determined, and may be stored in datastorage 304 in or connected to the management entity 300. The managemententity 300 may further be configured to direct the UE to the selectedfirst application instance, such as by providing a URI for that firstapplication instance to the UE 303. In various embodiment, providing atleast one application instance may include selecting a currentlyoperative application instance. In other embodiments, providing at leastone application instance may include starting a new applicationinstance.

In one step, the management entity 300 may receive 503 user assignmentinformation from the EC application 228. In some embodiments, the userassignment information identifies a specific application instanceassigned to said UE. If the application 228 does not perform, or requestto perform, any relocation of the assignment of the UE 303 to anotherassignment than the first assignment, this step may simply be aconfirmation, or may be dispensed with. However, if the application 228takes the decision to disregard, override or subsequently change theassignment provided by the management entity 300, this step providesinformation to from the application 228 to the management entity 300 ofwhich specific application instance the application 228 itself hasassigned to the UE 303. In various embodiments, the user assignmentinformation may identify a redistribution of user identities between twoor more different application instances within the EC system, determinedby the application 228. The user assignment information may thus provideinformation of assignment of several UEs or users between differentapplication instances.

In one step, the management entity 300 may determine a mapping betweenthe UE and the specific application instance based on the received userassignment information. In various embodiments, the mapping may first bedetermined responsive to receiving user assignment information from theEC application 228, whether that be a confirmation of the assignmentselected by the management entity 300, or a different assignment ofapplication instance. This provides for a handshake procedure,guaranteeing that proper assignment information is provided in thestored mapping, on which the management entity 300 may base distributionof UEs and resources in scenarios of e.g. required scaling or UEmobility. Moreover, in this embodiment, or in alternative embodiments,determining a mapping may include updating a previously selected mappingfor the UE to the said specific application 228, responsive to thespecific application instance being different from the first applicationinstance. This will also configure the management entity 300 to holdproper assignment information in the stored mapping.

In various embodiments, the management entity 300 may thus be configuredto determine to scale resources in the EC system responsive to detectingthe request from the UE, or responsive to receiving user assignmentinformation from the EC application 228, indicating a different mappingthan selected by the management entity 300. The management entity 300may further be configured to determine allocation of resources tovarious application instances, such as said specific applicationinstance, based on the obtained proper mapping.

In the proposed embodiments, it is thus suggested to include the ECapplication 228 in the assignment of EC application instances for users,such as new users, so as to contribute to scaling procedures (scale upand scale down) and mobility procedures controlled through themanagement entity 300 in an EC system 30. This may include a step ofinforming the EC application 228 about scaling changes to be able tooptimize user distribution among EC application instances and update themanagement entity 300 of the user distribution. This allows the ECmanagement entity 300 to track the individual users and estimateproactively how to scale depending on expected user mobility.

FIG. 3 schematically illustrates a signaling diagram of an embodiment,falling within the scope of at least the most general embodimentoutlined above, wherein scaling of an EC system 30 is carried out byactivating a new application instance. In this exemplary embodiment,three application instances 311, 312, 313 of a common EC application 228are indicated, but further or fewer instances are equally plausible. AnEC platform 223 is further shown, in addition to the EC managemententity 300. In various embodiments, an EC platform manager 210 and theEC management entity 300 may be different parts of a common entity. Inother embodiments, the EC platform manager 210 may form part of or beconnected to one or more EC platforms 223 in one or more EC hosts 220.The various application instances 311, 312, 313 may further be providedon different EC hosts 220, 220-2 etc., or two or more of the applicationinstances 311, 312, 313 may be provided on the same EC host 220.

In the shown scenario, the first 311 and second 312 application instanceare already present, executing 31 the application 228 for one or moreusers or UEs 303. A decision to scale up 32 is taken by the managemententity 300. This may e.g. be triggered based on evaluation of totalresource utilization in the system 30, causing the decision 32 to scaleup/down, including to distribute the users to or between variousapplication instances. As an example, one or more of the presentapplication instances 311, 312 may have a large number of users, puttinga strain on available resources for that instance. In the shown example,the decision 32 to scale up results in the management entity 300requesting 33 to the EC platform 223 to provide an application instanceto the new user.

The EC platform 223 thus starts 34 a new, third, application instance313 on an EC host 220.

Based on e.g. total available resources, the management entity 300 mayfurther provide a distribution request 35-1, which as such may form partof the instance request 33, to the EC platform 223. This distributionrequest may e.g. define a re-distribution of users already presentlyusing the application instances 311, 312, among the updated number ofapplication instances 311, 312, 313. This may e.g. be based on a changein available resources, or simply to make better use of the differentapplication instances 311, 312, 313. This re-distribution 35-2 iscarried out under control of the EC platform 223.

In a step 36, the EC application 228 may execute a user or UEre-distribution, of its own volition. This new distribution ofapplication users among the updated application instances 311, 312, 313may e.g. be influenced by the creation of the new application instance313, a by recent mobility of the users. Furthermore, the re-distribution36 may be carried out based on two or more application users havingassociated context, such as engaging in a common application session, asalready exemplified.

In a step 37, corresponding to step 503 of FIG. 5, the EC application228 informs the management entity 300, possibly through the platformmanager 210, of the new user assignment corresponding to the newdistribution of users between EC application instances 311, 312, 313.

In a step 38, the management entity 300 creates or updates a mappingbetween users or UEs and application instances 311, 312, 313. This stepmay include storing the mapping in memory storage 304.

In a step 39, the management entity 300 may track and estimate usermobility and decides new scaling based thereon, now having access toreliable mapping information between users and application instances.

FIG. 4 schematically illustrates a signaling diagram of an embodimentwherein a new user, represented in the drawing by its UE 303-1, triggersinstantiation of an application 228, falling within the scope of atleast the most general embodiment outlined above. In this exemplaryembodiment, two application instances 311, 312 of a common ECapplication 228 are indicated, but further or fewer instances areequally plausible. An EC platform manager 210 is further shown, inaddition to the EC management entity 300. In various embodiments, the ECplatform manager 210 and the EC management entity 300 may be differentparts of a common entity. In other embodiments, the Alternatively, theEC platform manager 210 may form part of or be connected to one or moreEC platforms 223 in one or more EC hosts 220. The various applicationinstances 311, 312 may further be provided on different EC hosts 220,220-2 etc., or two or more of the application instances 311, 312 may beprovided on the same EC host 220.

In a step 41, the UE 303-1 starts an EC application 228, includingtransmitting a signal to the management entity 300 of the EC system 30to indicate a request for EC resources.

In step 42 the management entity 300 may select an EC host 220 to beassigned to the UE 303-1, dependent on various data, such as location ofthe UE 303-1 and of the hosts 220, 220-2 of the EC system, the type ofapplication 228, available resources etc.

In step 43, the management entity 300 provides an instantiation requestto the EC platform 223 to start an application instance.

In step 44, the EC platform 223 controls the instantiation ofapplication instance 311 on a host 220.

In step 45-1, a URI for the application instance 311 is obtained in themanagement entity 300, from the EC platform 223.

In step 45-2, the management entity 300 informs the UE 303-1 of the URIof the application instance 311.

At this point, the UE 303-1 may make use of the EC resources for runningthe application 228, by connection to the host 220 having theapplication instance 311. This is indicated in the drawing by step 45-3.

At a certain instance, indicated by step 46, the UE 303-1 may berelocated to a different application instance, under control by theapplication 228. This relocation may be triggered as soon as theapplication 228 has enough data to determine that a present applicationinstance 312 is more suitable to use for assisting the UE 303-1. Suchdata may e.g. be a user ID of the UE 303-1 and a session ID of theapplication 228, which may be mapped to other users running the sameapplication 228 in a common session, such as the same game or a commonvideo conference. Hence, the relocation 46 may take place before theuser of the UE 303-1 even starts making use of the application instance311.

In step 46-1, the relocation has been executed and the UE 303-1 now usesthe second application instance 312, assigned by the application 228.

In step 47, the management entity 300 is informed of the relocation, byproviding the updated assignment to application instance 312. The reportmay be transmitted from either the original application instance 311 orfrom the second application instance 312. In in alternative embodiment,the step of reporting 47 the new assignment may take place before theuser starts to use 46-1 the new application instance 312.

In step 48, the management entity 300 creates or updates a mappingbetween users or UEs and application instances, to identify theassignment of application instance 312 to the user of UE 303-1. Thisstep may include storing the mapping in memory storage 304.

In step 49, the management entity 300 may track and estimate usermobility and decides new scaling based thereon, now having access toreliable mapping information between users and application instances.

Various embodiments have been disclosed in the foregoing, related to theproposed concept of management of edge computing servers. Unless clearlycontradictory, such embodiments may be combined in any way. For theimplementation of the presented solutions on MEC as proposed by ETSI, itmay be noted that the EC architecture fundamentals, as indicated in FIG.1, are based on a management entity 300, including at least the MECorchestrator 101, that is responsible for resources, scaling andselecting the EC server for hosting the application instance. The MECapplication 228 is totally independent of the management entity'sdecisions and is only responsible for the logic of how to manage anddistribute users among EC application instances. This means that the ECapplication 228 has all logic on which users belong to the same group,for example in a video conference system, but the management entity 300decides how scaling of EC servers and assigning of users should be doneregardless of the EC application 228. Therefore, it is proposed hereinthat the EC management entity 300 is provided with knowledge about ECapplication users in the EC system to be able to track the individualusers and estimate proactively how to scale depending on expected usermobility. This requires the mapping of the users and applicationinstances in the EC system to always be updated by the EC applicationinstances. Obtainment of application-controlled user assignment toapplication instances, in the management entity 300, may e.g. involveuse of the Mp1 and Mm3 interface in the ETSI MEC reference architecturedefined in GS MEC003, corresponding to FIG. 1.

1. A method for managing resource allocation in an Edge Computing, EC,system, carried out in an EC management entity connected to at least oneEC host, comprising detecting a request from a user equipment, UE, whichrequest is associated with an EC application; providing at least oneapplication instance of said EC application in a host of the EC system;receiving user assignment information from the EC application; anddetermining a mapping between the UE and a specific application instancebased on the received user assignment information.
 2. The method ofclaim 1, wherein said user assignment information identifies thespecific application instance assigned to said UE.
 3. The method ofclaim 2, wherein providing at least one application instance includesselecting a mapping between the UE and a first application instance toassign a user of the UE to the first application instance.
 4. The methodof claim 3, wherein providing at least one application instance includesdirecting the UE to the first application instance.
 5. The method ofclaim 1, wherein said user assignment information identifies aredistribution of application user identities between two or moredifferent application instances within the EC system, determined by theapplication.
 6. The method of claim 3, wherein determining a mappingincludes updating the selected mapping for the UE to the said specificapplication, responsive to the specific application instance beingdifferent from the first application instance.
 7. The method of claim 1,wherein providing at least one application instance includes selecting acurrently operative application instance.
 8. The method of claim 1,wherein providing at least one application instance includes starting anew application instance.
 9. The method of claim 1, comprising storingthe mapping in a memory storage.
 10. The method of claim 1, whereindetecting a request from the UE includes detecting initiation of theapplication from the UE.
 11. The method of claim 1, wherein detecting arequest from the UE includes detecting connection to the EC system ofthe UE, when the UE is running the EC application.
 12. The method ofclaim 1, comprising determining to scale resources in the EC systemresponsive to detecting the request from the UE.
 13. The method of claim1, comprising determining allocation of resources to the specificapplication instance based on the mapping.
 14. The method of claim 1,comprising providing said at least one application instance withinformation about other application instances of the same application.